Calling a cab by an app on a smartphone, for example, will depend upon a series of safety issues, once the car will likely be unmanned, which will be possible due to the use of autonomous navigation technology ( Scaramuzza et al. However, this considerable innovation also requires some additional care regarding the responsibility that the software product carries in our everyday life. 2006 Chesbrough H, Vanhaverbeke W, West J (2006) Open Innovation: Researching a New Paradigm. The software development industry is highly responsible for this huge evolution ( Chesbrough et al. The way to order a sandwich, call a cab, get a ride from a stranger, and even to find a date have changed completely in the past years.

2003 Capaldo G, Iandoli L, Raffa M, Zollo G (2003) The Evaluation of Innovation Capabilities in Small Software Firms: A Methodological Approach. Since the creation of the smartphone concept, a variety of opportunities came up for entrepreneurs and software developers in general ( Capaldo et al. The software industry is, by far, one of the businesses that have been introducing most of the major innovations in the modern world (WIPO 2016). Software development Software engineering Project management Engineering management Cost estimates By comparing the estimated values with the actual required data, we found a magnitude of relative error (MRE) of 40% and provided alternatives for future work in order to increase the effort estimation accuracy in safety-critical software projects. The rationales for each scale factor and effort multiplier selection were also described in detail. We applied the method as it is, by correlating the effort multiplier factors with the complexity and objectives introduced by the DO-178C level A application, resulting in an estimated effort. The main goal and contribution of the case study is to support the research on software effort estimation and to provide software practitioners with useful data based on a real project. This paper provides a real example of applying COCOMO II as an estimation technique for the required software development effort in a safety-critical software application project following the DO-178C processes.

Cocomo model cost estimation example